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Question: Recognize the great practices related with the administration of disciplinary issues in associations? Answer: Presentation: This task talks about the great practices corresponding to the administration of disciplinary systems in associations and investigates with the guide of ACAS Code of training and furthermore the models like the CIPD rules. Besides, the initial segment of the task examines the difficulties that are available in associations in relations to the disciplinary procedures and rehearses and have been investigated. For this reason, the key segments of a reasonable disciplinary procedure have been talked about and a portion of the difficulties that can be looked by the associations in their endeavor to execute a disciplinary procedure in the association have additionally been assessed. Simultaneously, ongoing case law has likewise been talked about to discover the great practice rules that have been examined by the courts in these cases. For this reason, the ACAS Code of Practice gives rules to the businesses in regards to the disciplinary and complaint systems that should be received by them while managing issues that may emerge at work environment. It additionally should be noticed that in spite of the fact that disappointments with respect to managers to follow those methodology may not make the business at risk for procedures, however the work council may take note of this reality when it is mulling over specific case (ACAS, 2004). It is likewise worth referencing that specific difficulties might be available in regards to the disciplinary practices and methods that should be received by the businesses to manage these issues. CIPD or the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development additionally gives complete and fair-minded perspective to policymakers and assessment formers. Prior to continuing further, it might be useful to quickly portray what is the significance of disciplinary and complaint methodology in this specific circumstance. For this reason, these techniques are the systems that help the businesses and representatives by giving an unmistakable structure that can be utilized to manage the issues emerging at the work environment (Kelly, 1998). Countless HR experts are asking why they need to manage such a significant number of tedious and exorbitant complaint and disciplinary procedures. For instance, in an ongoing report by the CIPD which was named as peace making: a move in course?, It was discovered that 47% of the associations had prepared line chiefs to manage troublesome discussions or to deal with struggle. It was additionally the technique to manage one race gives that uncovered the best ascent in the recurrence of utilization. In this way, the utilization of disciplinary activity contentions method has expanded by 29% and 28% separately. Rather than HR experts, the line chiefs are in the best situation to discover the potential clash circumstances in their groups yet they might not have the capability or the skill to intercede. The outcome is that we may either stay away from the issue and in the end gets crazy. Then again, the early mediations by the line supervisors may blowback because of their absence of abili ties. The ACAS Code of Practice on disciplinary and complaint methodology gives functional direction that can be utilized for dealing with these issues at the work environment. In any case, as per the great practices that have been referenced by the ACAS Code of Practice, it is necessitated that the businesses should ensure that all the representatives of the association are treated similarly under comparable conditions. Simultaneously, these great practices likewise necessitate that it is significant for the businesses to manage these issues sensibly and in a reasonable manner (Cully et al., 1999). As indicated by this great practices related with the disciplinary methods, it is additionally necessitate that all the appropriate laws are trailed by the businesses and simultaneously, the businesses likewise follow the Code of Practice. Now, it additionally should be referenced that in the greater part of the cases, the businesses have their own strategies to manage disciplinary issues yet t hese were techniques for the most part conform to the Code (Law Society, 2008). The CIPD accepts that few issues raise quickly because of the explanation that the representatives are excessively speedy in affirming their privileges when by and large it is basically an instance of two individuals not jumping on because of ineffectual correspondence. Under such conditions, the most ideal path is to discuss the hidden explanation of contention. This is additionally done by the certified arbiters, in an increasingly organized way, anyway the line directors who have the correct aptitudes can likewise manage lower levels of contention similarly effectively. The significant abilities that are required in such manner are undivided attention, unbiasedness and successful addressing. Simultaneously, these techniques ought to likewise help the businesses in making suitable and opportune move, at whatever point required. In such manner, it is likewise necessitated that the method received by businesses ought to permit both the representatives and bosses to concur viewing the proper devices just as the timescale for making enhancements with respect to the presentation or the direct of a worker (Davies and Freedland, 2007). The disciplinary strategy received by the businesses ought to likewise help in managing these issues without taking the assistance of outer procedures related settling questions or without the requirement for taking plan of action to work court. Another critical thing is that with the assistance of the system embraced by the business, it very well may be built up before a work council that the technique has been trailed by the business for a situation where a representative had submitted a question before the court in regards to the way, the worke r was excused from administration by the association. In this part, certain models from important cases have been talked about with the end goal of recognizing great practice standards. For instance, in O'Farrill v New Manage Ltd t/a Hooks Gym London Shootfighters (2011), it was chosen by the court that the business needed to obviously disclose the supposed offense to the representative, during the disciplinary procedure. Simultaneously, great practices likewise necessitate that the business ought to stay consistent in regards to the allegation made by it against the representative all through the procedures (Law Society, 2008). Thus, if any new charges have been found by the business while the disciplinary procedures are as of now going on against the representative, such claims can be made a piece of the disciplinary procedure however in such a case, it is extremely noteworthy that the disciplinary assents that are forced against the worker are just founded on the charges that have been suitably researched and simultaneously, just in the event that they have been brought to the notification of the worker during the procedures (Kelly, 1998). Another huge case related with great works on in regards to disciplinary systems is that of Campbell v Mitie Managed Services Ltd. (2009). The issue for this situation was that the worker was denied the option to be went with during disciplinary procedures. In such manner, it should be noticed that despite the fact that this is a legal right of workers, still the ACAS Code reminds the businesses that they ought to permit the representatives to be went with at the disciplinary procedures. Accordingly, the court expressed that at whatever point the representative has been welcome to go to any disciplinary or complaint continuing and such a worker had sensibly mentioned the business to permit the person in question to be went with during these procedures, the solicitations ought to be allowed by the business (Behfar, Mannix and Peterson, 2011). Similarly, in Bentley v Supertravel Omnibus Ltd (2010), the court has expressed that so as to have a most obvious opportunity to effectively protect the case made in the business council, clear record ought to be available with the businesses in regards to each phase of the disciplinary procedure. Then again, if the observers just need to depend on their memory, the court expressed that it is exceptionally simple for the petitioner to bring up errors in the proof (Gibbons, 2007). In this piece of the task, the strategies, methodology and practices related with the disciplinary procedure embraced by Boots UK have been broke down. So as to manage these issues, the organization has a Code of Conduct and Business Ethics. This Code gives the standards and gauges that should be maintained by all the representatives and different partners and simultaneously, they ought to be received and applied by the organization in the entirety of its dealings including the dealings of the organization with its workers. Simultaneously, albeit nitty gritty rules have been given by the Code, still in the worker isn't sure in regards to the proper strategy in a specific circumstance, the representatives urged to look for direction. Taking into account the Code of Practice received by Boots UK, it might we perceive that to work adequately, the associations are required to build up norms related execution and lead and these may incorporate organization rules with respect to these issues. In this specific situation, it should be noticed that there are a few potential issues that can be commonly settled by the gatherings, casually (Gibbons, 2007). For instance, if there should arise an occurrence of issues related with unacceptable execution or issues including minor unfortunate behavior can be generally settled with the assistance of casual procedures. It has been seen that in such cases, keep away from with the worker can altogether help in improving the presentation or the lead that specific representative. As to set of accepted rules that has been received by BOOTS UK, it tends to be said that it is as per the Code of Conduct that has been given by ACAS and satisfies the prerequisites related with guaranteeing reasonableness in these issues. Are a similar time, the court additionally gives a standard of sensible conduct that can be applied in most

Anne Stevenson Essays - Human Development, Childbirth

Anne Stevenson I thought you were my triumph/however you cut me like a blade (Stevenson 1-2) The initial lines of Anne Stevenson's sonnet The Victory set a pace of contention. This sonnet, at its surface, communicates a mother's considerations on bringing forth a child. Stevenson portrays the blended sentiments numerous moms have upon the conveyance of their first conceived. The last discharge from pregnancy and birthing torments, combined with the energy of bringing a live animal into this world, from the outset appear to be a triumph to the new parent. The creator proceeds to refute the occasion as a triumph. Utilizing words, for example, foe (5), wound (6), and scary(13), she shows the darker side of labor. The mother has felt her own life's blood streaming that an outsider may live The stains of your brilliance seeped from my veins. (6-8). That she considers her to be kid as a stranger is obvious in lines nine and ten, where the youngster is portrayed as a visually impaired thing (9) with clear creepy crawly eyes(10). The mother depicts her child as a bug, not even human. In the last area of the sonnet, two inquiries are posed, bearing witness to the mother's interior clash. For what reason do I need to cherish you?/How have you won? (15-16). These unanswerable inquiries are a portion of the essential inquiries of our human presence. Beneath the highest layer of importance in The Victory, is an hidden topic that any parent or watchman will effortlessly identify with. Kids are resulting from the extraordinary torment their moms persevere. They are powerless in one sense, yet they order the consideration of their folks. Stevenson portrays the inborn powerlessness of newborn children with the words Blind(9) and Hungry(14). However, this sonnet doesn't allude to new conceived angels alone. Birthing torments don't stop with the conveyance of a youngster. The contention portrayed in this sonnet is felt by guardians of grown-up youngsters also. All guardians give of their backbone, at any rate in the enthusiastic sense, in raising and keeping up their posterity. The Victory is a sonnet composed as though by a mother just barely conveyed of another conceived child, yet the subjects communicated in its lines apply to all the phases of human life. Stevenson appears to pressure the torment that is felt at the point when one life delivers another, however there are numerous torments felt by guardians in manners unphysical. You point the air. /You sting with bladed cries (11-12) these are sharp words that bring considerations of substantial torment. These words additionally depict mental and passionate torment that is felt by numerous guardians who penance much for their kids. The sonnet doesn't put a blame on the infant nor, subsequently on kids in general. It appears to recognizes the unrest of birth and life as normal. The kid who is conceived today, gathers the penance of its guardians and will make penances for the youngster conceived tomorrow. Indeed in spite of the fact that The Victory is worded to sound angry, just as the mother resents her kid his newly discovered life, it likewise has a surrendered tone. The mother acknowledges her parcel, anyway difficult. Much more profound into this sonnet is the trace of women's liberation. The creator picked the sex of this child purposefully. She utilized two references to a blade, demonstrating torment dispensed in a way unnatural. The blade has traditionallybeen a man's weapon. Small rival (9) could allude to the whole male sexual orientation. Unnerving bunch of wants (13) is a reference to the sex demonstration, which is some of the time seen as male hostility. The kid is the indication of this demonstration. Hungry growl! Little child. (14) the utilization of a bestial clamor legitimately goes before the disclosure of the infant's sexual orientation. By and by Stevenson's selection of words helps one to remember male animosity. The lady in the sonnet appears to feel cheated in bearing a male youngster to the man who is by implication liable for her condition. For what reason does she need to cherish him? Does that summarize the predicament of lady? Is it Eve's revile that lady will grasp man, however in this manner she must endure labor to deliver more men? (Or on the other hand girls who will endure in like manner.) Is that how he has won? The Victory inquires

How Do Anxiety Blankets Work

How Do Anxiety Blankets Work GAD Coping Print How Do Anxiety Blankets Work? By Jodi Clarke, MA, LPC/MHSP twitter linkedin Jodi Clarke, LPC/MHSP is a licensed professional counselor and mental health service provider with over 20 years of experience in the field. Learn about our editorial policy Jodi Clarke, MA, LPC/MHSP Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on February 17, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 25, 2019 Tara Moore / Getty Images More in GAD Coping Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment In This Article Table of Contents Expand Weighted Blankets Deep Pressure Stimulation Calming The Nervous System How They Work Weights and Sizes Other Factors Precautions Lap Pads View All Back To Top The warmth of a soft, cozy blanket can feel wonderful when we are sleepy, exhausted and ready to relax. But what about when we feel anxious? Could a blanket also offer that same sense of comfort to help us relax when our bodies and minds dont feel relaxed at all? Anxiety blankets are weighted blankets, also sometimes referred to as gravity blankets, that have been used in many hospitals and therapeutic programs for years. More recently, anxiety blankets have become more mainstream as people have come to know the many benefits of using a weighted blanket at home. Weighted Blankets Weighted blankets were previously best known for being used in a type of occupational therapy called sensory integration therapy. Sensory integration therapy is used to help people with autism, or other sensory disorders, to focus on regulating sensory experiences. This approach is used with the understanding that when the therapy is used in a structured, repetitive way, the person learns to process and react to sensations more effectively. Blankets have offered a safe sensory experience that can be used easily and in a non-threatening way. Deep Pressure Stimulation A weighted blanket offers something called deep pressure stimulation. Again, often traditionally used with those who are challenged with sensory processing conditions, deep pressure stimulation helps calm an overstimulated system. When applied properly, this pressure, often to be thought of as the same pressure experienced with a warm hug or embrace, a massage, or cuddling, can help the body switch from running its sympathetic nervous system to its parasympathetic nervous system. The blanket offers an evenly distributed, gentle pressure on a large area of the body at one time, creating a sense of calm and safety for those who feel anxious or overstimulated. Calming Our Nervous System The body is a complex structure, with systems in place to help us regulate our functions and navigate our world. Our autonomic nervous system regulates our bodys unconscious functions, such as breathing, heart rate, blood circulation, and reflexes. These are, essentially, the ways that our body functions every day without us having to think about it. For example, we can breathe without having to think about taking a breath. If we could only breathe when we intentionally think about it, we would never be able to get anything else done! When we become stressed or alerted to a threat in our environment, our sympathetic nervous system registers that danger is coming, kicks into gear and says Ill help you! The sympathetic nervous system is what help us distinguish whether we need a flight or fight response. It uses the information we are taking in and tries to help us quickly decide how to respond in order to survive that moment. As helpful as this is for our survival, it is common for people in our modern society to be in constant fight or flight mode at work, at home, in our relationships, with responsibilities and obligations. Living under this constant pressure can cause our sympathetic nervous system to operate on overdrive and can lead to us experiencing things like: Accelerated heart rateConstricted blood vesselsPupil dilationGoose bumpsSweatingRise in blood pressureSlower digestion When we are experiencing prolonged stress and anxiety, our sympathetic nervous system is shooting out signals to areas all over our body to alert us that we are in the face of a threat and we need to fight or flee. The trouble is that when we are experiencing everyday stress, such as work, deadlines, worries, family responsibilities, and hectic schedules, we are not usually in a dangerous and life-threatening situation. So, even though we are not in physical danger, our body is sending and receiving all of these signals and trying to regulate itself, feeling overwhelmed, overloaded and overstimulated. Our overwhelmed system causes us to experience anxiety, sometimes resulting in episodes of panic. The use of a weighted anxiety blanket, using pressure stimulation, offers our body a chance to switch from the fight or flight mode of our sympathetic nervous system to a rest and digest mode that is regulated by our parasympathetic nervous system. When our body gets the signal that it doesnt need to be on guard anymore and that it is safe, the parasympathetic nervous system has a chance to kick in to help our body calm down, regulate and find balance. How Exactly Does Stress Affect Sleep? How They Work There are many designs of weighted anxiety blankets, especially as they have become more popular and mainstream. Most blankets are made with cotton or cotton blends, making them more durable and easier for washing and maintaining. There are also microbial covers that can be used for weighted blankets to help minimize the spreading of germs, especially when the blankets are used in a hospital or treatment center setting. Companies offer a variety of fabrics so people have options for personal comfort and style. Anxiety blankets are often filled with a form of small plastic pellets. Most blanket brands describe the plastic they use as being BPA free and FDA compliant. There are some companies that use glass beads which are described as the texture of sand, that can help to create a lower profile, less bulky, blanket. To make sure the weight of the blanket is evenly distributed for maximum effectiveness of the intended pressure stimulation, blankets are often designed with a pattern of squares, similar to a quilt. Each square has the same amount of pellets to ensure consistent pressure across the blanket and sometimes filled with a bit of polyfil as you might find in a traditional comforter or pillow, for added cushion and comfort. Weights and Sizes Anxiety blankets are available in a variety of sizes and weights, depending on personal preference, as well as the age and size of the person using the blanket. Weighted blankets are commonly available in weight ranges from 5-25 pounds. Although this may sound pretty heavy, remember that the weight is being distributed evenly across the entire surface area of the blanket. The intent is for the person using the blanket to feel a consistent amount of gentle pressure across their body. What Weight Is Best for You? Before deciding on what weight of blanket to use for yourself or your loved one, it is best to talk with your doctor to determine what will be most helpful and effective. It is a good idea to let your healthcare provider know why you are wanting to use a weighted blanket, how you are hoping it will help and allow them to talk with you about an appropriate weight based on your age, size and body weight. SensaCalm, a leading company specializing in therapeutic products such as weighted blankets, suggests calculating the appropriate weight of a blanket with the following formula: Appropriate weight of blanket 10 percent of body weight plus three pounds. So, for example, to calculate an appropriate weight of blanket for someone who weighs 170 pounds: 10 percent of 170 17 173 20 pounds Using this example, a person weighing about 170 pounds may benefit from a weighted anxiety blanket of 20 pounds. It is recommended that weighted anxiety blankets do not exceed 15 percent of the users body weight. Other Factors Another thing to consider is height. There are a variety of sizes of anxiety blankets available, just as you would find with traditional blankets or comforters. Some companies size their blankets by bed sizes, such as twin, full, queen and king. Other companies size their blankets by small, medium, large and extra-large. It is important to keep in mind the age and height of a person, as well as where you will most often be using the blanket. For example, you may want to use your blanket at night as a bed covering while you sleep, or you may prefer a more portable version to use while lounging on the couch, watching television or reading a good book. Precautions Remember that weighted anxiety blankets are considered a therapeutic tool, so it is a good idea to talk with your doctor or other healthcare professional before purchasing and using an anxiety blanket. Weighted blankets are not recommended for infants. Although companies have varied guidelines and recommendations, it is generally noted that weighted blankets are not intended for use by children two years old or younger. When children are unable to move freely while sleeping or lack adequate muscle strength, the blanket can be a danger even at lighter weights. Again, as with other therapeutic tools, it is important to talk with your healthcare provider about a size and weight of blanket that would be safest and most effective. It is suggested that weighted anxiety blankets not be used if you are challenged with the following: Unregulated blood pressureFragile skinDiabetesCirculation problemsBreathing problems like sleep apnea or asthmaSkin rashesOpen wounds Weighted blankets are not to be used by children under the age of two years old. A child using a weighted blanket must be able to move the blanket on their own, at their will. If they are unable to do that for any reason, a weighted blanket is not recommended. In addition, weighted anxiety blankets are never to be used as a restraint. What Else Are Weighted Blankets Used For? Weighted anxiety blankets are meant to offer the pressure of a warm hug, bringing a calming effect and signaling to the body that it is safe. This is very beneficial to those who struggle with anxiety and panic, as it can calm our bodies and allow it to switch from that overstimulated sympathetic nervous system to the parasympathetic nervous system that allows our body to better relax. In addition to anxiety, there are other things that weighted blankets are known to help with as well, including: InsomniaChronic painFibromyalgiaRestless legsStressPost-traumatic stress disorderDementiaDepression In addition to anxiety, one of the top reasons people reportedly purchase weighted blankets is for better sleep at night. With an estimated 25 percent of people in the United States developing insomnia each year, it is understandable how weighted blankets have become popular. Understanding how the pressure stimulation helps to calm our system, weighted blankets offer a healthy way to find better, more restful sleep without the use of over the counter sleep aids or prescribed medication. Lap Pads What if you want to feel the benefit of a weighted blanket at work or while traveling? Toting a weighted anxiety blanket around may not always be an option. However, there is a more portable option available for use outside of the home or while on the go. Weighted lap pads offer the same pressure stimulation effect on a smaller scale, offering portability and convenience. Using a lap pad can help with things like: FocusAttentionProductivityStillnessCalming Although lap pads can be created in variety of sizes, a typical lap pad measures anywhere from 12 x 18 up to 18 x 18 depending on the needs and size of the user. Beads used in the fill of the blanket are the same and the even distribution of the weight by using quilted squares is the same in the lap pads as with the larger blankets. The recommended weight of a lap pad is approximately two pounds since the surface area of the body being covered is less than when using a blanket. Some companies will create a heavier weighted pad, however, it is highly recommended that the weight of a lap pad not exceed 5 percent of the users body weight. For example, our 170-pound person we used as an example for the blanket would benefit from a lap pad weighing in the range of 2-8 lbs. Lap pads can be a nice option for students, therapeutic patients or adults who work in an environment where they might sit at a desk for long periods of time. If you are in a job that tends to leave you feeling stressed and anxious, a lap pad could be a nice tool to use to increase your sense of calm while also increasing your focus and productivity. A Word From Verywell If you struggle with anxiety, you know how hard it can feel at times to find a sense of relief. While appropriate treatment with counseling and medication management can certainly be helpful, a weighted anxiety blanket can offer an additional therapeutic resource that can be used without any worry of harmful side effects. Even when you are utilizing some great cognitive-behavioral tools to help minimize anxiety, the use of a weighted blanket can offer additional calm. With the use of pressure stimulation, such as what we would experience with a warm hug, a massage or cuddling, the anxiety blanket can help our overstimulated sympathetic nervous system (the fight or flight system) calm down by kicking in the parasympathetic nervous system (the rest and digest system). If you are looking for a safe and convenient way to help reduce anxiety, increase relaxation or experience more restful sleep, a weighted anxiety blanket might be your answer. 5 Ways to Keep Stress From Sabotaging Your Sleep

Introduction and Overview to World War I

World War I was a major conflict fought in Europe and around the world between July 28, 1914, and November 11, 1918. Nations from across all non-polar continents were involved,  although Russia, Britain, France, Germany, and Austria-Hungary dominated.  Much of the war was characterized by stagnant trench warfare and massive loss of life in failed attacks; over eight million people were killed in battle. Belligerent Nations The war was fought by two main power blocks: the Entente Powers, or Allies, comprised of Russia, France, Britain (and later the U.S.), and their allies on one side and the Central Powers of Germany, Austro-Hungary, Turkey, and their allies on the other. Italy later joined the Entente. Many other countries played smaller parts on both sides. Origins  of World War I To understand the origins, it is important to understand how politics at the time. European politics in the early twentieth century were a dichotomy: many politicians thought war had been banished by progress while others, influenced partly by a fierce arms race, felt war was inevitable. In Germany, this belief went further: the war should happen sooner rather than later, while they still (as they believed) had an advantage over their perceived major enemy, Russia. As Russia and France were allied, Germany feared an attack from both sides.  To mitigate this threat, the Germans developed the Schlieffen Plan, a swift looping attack on France designed to knock it out early, allowing for concentration on Russia. Rising tensions culminated on June 28th, 1914 with the assassination of  Austro-Hungarian Archduke Franz Ferdinand  by a Serbian activist, an ally of Russia. Austro-Hungary asked for German support and was promised a blank cheque; they declared war on Serbia on July 28th. What followed was a sort of domino effect as more and more nations joined the fight. Russia mobilized to support Serbia, so Germany declared war on Russia; France then declared war on Germany. As German troops swung through Belgium into France days later, Britain declared war on Germany too. Declarations continued until much of Europe was at war with each other. There was widespread public support. World War I on Land After the swift German invasion of France was stopped at the Marne, the race to the sea followed as each side tried to outflank each other ever closer to the English Channel. This left the entire Western Front divided by over 400 miles of trenches, around which the war stagnated. Despite massive battles like Ypres, little progress was made and a battle of attrition emerged, caused partly by German intentions to bleed the French dry at Verdun and Britains attempts on the Somme. There was more movement on the Eastern Front with some major victories, but there was nothing decisive and the war carried on with high casualties. Attempts to find another route into their enemy’s territory led to the failed Allied invasion of Gallipoli, where Allied forces held a beachhead but were halted by fierce Turkish resistance. There was also conflict on the Italian front, the Balkans, the Middle East, and smaller struggles in colonial holdings where the warring powers bordered each other. World War I at Sea Although the build-up to war had included a naval arms race between Britain and Germany, the only large naval engagement of the conflict was the Battle of Jutland, where both sides claimed victory. Instead, the defining struggle involved submarines and the German decision to pursue Unrestricted Submarine Warfare (USW). This policy allowed submarines to attack any target they found, including those belonging to the neutral United States, which caused the latter to enter the war in 1917 on behalf of the Allies, supplying much-needed manpower. Victory Despite Austria-Hungary becoming little more than a German satellite, the Eastern Front was the first to be resolved, the war causing massive political and military instability in Russia, leading to the Revolutions of 1917, the emergence of socialist government and surrender on December 15. Efforts by the Germans to redirect manpower and take the offensive in the west failed and, on November 11, 1918 (at 11:00 am), faced with allied successes, massive disruption at home and the impending arrival of vast US manpower, Germany signed an Armistice, the last Central power to do so. Aftermath Each of the defeated nations signed a treaty with the Allies, most significantly the Treaty of Versailles which was signed with Germany, and which has been blamed for causing further disruption ever since. There was devastation across Europe: 59 million troops had been mobilized, over 8 million died and over 29 million were injured. Huge quantities of capital had been passed to the now emergent United States and the culture of every European nation was deeply affected and the struggle became known as The Great War or The War to End All Wars. Technical Innovation World War I  was the first to make major use of machine guns, which soon showed their defensive qualities. It was also the first to see poison gas used on the battlefields, a weapon which both sides made use of, and the first to see tanks, which were initially developed by the allies and later used to great success. The use of aircraft evolved from simply reconnaissance to a whole new form of aerial warfare. Modern View Thanks partly to a generation of war poets who recorded the horrors of the war and a generation of historians who castigated the Allied high command for their decisions and ‘waste of life’ (Allied soldiers being the Lions led by Donkeys), the war was generally viewed as a pointless tragedy. However, later generations of historians have found mileage in revising this view. While the Donkeys have always been ripe for recalibration, and careers built on provocation have always found material (such as Niall Fergusons The Pity of War), the centenary commemorations found historiography split between a phalanx wishing to create a new martial pride and sideline the worst of the war to create an image of a conflict well worth fighting and then truly won by the allies, and those who wished to stress the alarming and pointless imperial game millions of people died for. The war remains highly controversial and as subject to attack and defense as the newspapers of the day.

General Electric Decision Making - 1787 Words

Awarded the most admirable company six times in the past few decades by Fortune, General Electric (GE) is obviously a very successful company. However, they were caught up in a trap of handing their CEOs a ridiculous amount of money like many other large corporations. According to one article from â€Å"Competition Forum† called Executive Compensation: The Case of General Electric by Nwabueze, Scott, Horak, and Chhotu, new management came in the form of Jeffrey Immelt in 2003 and changes were made. Instead of continuing with this guaranteed payment, management made the long-overdue decision in regard to economic feasibility. Top leaders were seen as irreplaceable it seemed and paid as such to retain them. Alternatives were examined and it†¦show more content†¦These committees relay the collected information to the top-level managers to help them make important decisions. In the 1990’s there remained questions about whether achieving results without living the values of GE would be tolerated. This question was quickly answered decisively when the CEO of the company answered this question once and for all. He announced this landmark decision at the annual GE officers’ meeting and implemented several major changes in senior leadership including some of the heads of GE. He cleaned house and removed leaders who had achieved their numbers without exhibiting the GE values. He described the decision making process using a chart that had four quadrants. Quadrant one was a Type I manager which includes mangers that deliver results and exhibits the values of GE. Type II managers do not deliver results and do not exhibit the values. Type III managers do not deliver results but do exhibit the GE values. Finally, type IV managers deliver results but do not exhibit the values of GE. Type I managers’ rise fast at GE while type II are quickly shown the door. Type III managers are often given another change because the company finds values more important than meeting the commitments set forth. Type IV was the most difficult decision. It is hard to take action, because they are delivering the short term results but often without regard to the values. By doing this GE feels that they are hurting the company inShow MoreRelatedGeneral Electric Research Paper1547 Words   |  7 PagesGeneral Electric is a well-known company in many regions of the worl d, but what people aren’t particularly aware of are the steps that General Electric has taken to get to where it is at today. When I think of General Electric the first thing that comes to mind is the role that the company plays in the production of household appliances, but General Electric is a much bigger contributor to people’s lives than is most people realize. People aren’t familiar with the internal business decisions thatRead MoreEssay on Organizational Structure at General Electric1130 Words   |  5 Pagesto maintain a strong foundation. A company that has managed to be successful through its well use of organization is that of General Electric Company. They have what it is called a ‘flat’ structure in which everyone becomes equal (Clawson, 2012). General Electric used to have 29 levels, but today it has only a handful of layers (Bateman Snell, 2011). The General Electric Company (GE) is organized with its chief executive officer, shareowner, and board of directors on the top of the pyramid, followedRead MoreCost Accounting Management Decisions Essay1014 Words   |  5 PagesWeek 8: Cost Accounting and Management Decisions Leah M. Pasternak Professor Bryan Womack Cost Accounting December 1, 2013 Cost Accounting and Management Decisions A unique and innovative manufacturing company It all started with an incandescent light bulb and from there, rocketed into one of the most successful, world-renowned company in the world. Thomas Alva Edison first established Edison General Electric Company in 1890 (General Electric, 2013). Two years later, another electricalRead MoreInvestigating The Performance And Financial Position Of An Entity726 Words   |  3 Pagesstakeholders who rely on the general purpose financial reports, evaluate the performance and financial position of an entity and make decisions regarding allocation of resources. Hence, an entity will be called as an reporting entity, if there are users who would rely on the analysis provided by the GPFR. 1) Users Dependent SAC 1 Paras 19-22 broadines the factors to identify whether there are dependent users. Factors Explaination/Example Reasons why Electric is a Reporting Entity SeparationRead MoreGeneral Electric ( Ge )1593 Words   |  7 PagesGeneral Electric General Electric (GE abbreviated) was started with Thomas Edison’s invention of the light bulb. Both Thomas Edison and JP Morgan started the Edison Lamp Company, which later became known as General Electric. The people at GE are committed to making a world that works better. General Electric does not have a standard mission statement, but they explain their objectives by the simple equation seen below. General Electric, as seen in the equation above, looks at what the worldRead More540 Midterm Essay1291 Words   |  6 PagesMidterm 1. Opportunity costs are most simply defined as cost in terms of foregoing alternatives. This means what you potentially lose in making a choice for one thing in a decision. Stella would need to be aware that whatever resources she allocates to paying for the new car, will be removed from using them for other purposes. She should consider how much the car will cost in comparison with the other uses for her funds combined with the cost of another means of transportation. In short, for thisRead MoreAlternative Strategy : Decision Making Strategy1674 Words   |  7 Pagesand GE can keep on changing the world. In this way, to sustain the world some option technique could be are Strategy one: Decision Making Strategy: Clients and suppliers need to manage individuals who can settle on choices and they need choices set aside a few minutes outline. In the earlier century, organizations like GE were run a great deal more from the US, now, the general population on the ground are given considerably more power. In today s reality organizations should have the capacity toRead MoreCustomer Behavior Of The B2b Space And The B2c Space1099 Words   |  5 Pages General Electric is a great example of a company that operates within both the business-to-consumer space and the business-to-business space. As far as consumer products are concerned, GE provides a number of products and services including, electronics, appliances, lighting, personal healthcare, and housewares. In the B2B space specifically, GE has a number of divisions, including aviation, energy consulting and management, healthcare, oil and gas, mining, power, and transportation. There areRead MoreLincoln Electric Culture Case Analysis916 Words   |  4 PagesLincoln Electric Culture Case analysis. One of the world s biggest maker of welding machine and electrodes is the Lincoln Electric company. Since 1965, has seen the higher net income and incentives. Employees turnover is nonexistent except for retirement and Lincoln s organization culture supported on closeness, trust, percentage control and classless tone is one of the reason why its so prosperous. History and influence of ownership In 1895, John C. Lincoln took out his second patent and beganRead MoreGeneral Electric Company ( Ge )1394 Words   |  6 PagesGeneral Electric company (GE) is one of the world s most admired, valuable, and largest companies in the world. GE is also one of the top five oldest industries in the United States, at a 130 years. This great American company has been stayed in business because of the many great leaders who have led the success for GE. Leader s such as, Jack Welch and Jeff Immelt, have brought many changes at GE bringing the company into the 20th century. Jack Welch and Jeff Immelt have been very successful at

Major Trends in 21st Century in ESL Free Essays

Teaching students to be literate is a high educational priority throughout the world. Though this area is one of our greatest priorities, it is also one of our greatest challenges. The classroom environment has changed from many years ago. We will write a custom essay sample on Major Trends in 21st Century in ESL or any similar topic only for you Order Now Teachers face the challenges of a large population who do not speak English and have high transient rates. For this large population, becoming proficient in a new language is a very difficult transition. This process can be frustrating and sometimes painful. Students learning a new language need as much language support as possible. Those who have taught students learning English as their second language know that any language support is helpful for their language acquisition. English language learner (ELL) students need a variety of language experiences. They need to hear language, write language, speak language and read language. Nowadays it is believe that computers and some other gadgets can play an integral part in providing ESL students with valuable language experiences as they learn a new language. Interactive whiteboards and iPad Interactive whiteboards are the most valuable digital resource in the classroom. hiteboards can be a vehicle to access online instructional and professional development resources and though tablet-style eReader devices such as Apple’s iPad haven’t been around for long, they’re already considered the second most useful mobile classroom technology behind laptops, according to some researches. Educators are incorporating more internet-dependent a technology in to their instruction, the reason of this is because digital media is a core learning support, nowadays it’s a core part of a teacher’s job. Smartphone. Another important technology used in classrooms is the Smartphone. Smartphone owners use them on the move to access information and entertainment such as music, audio books, reading, and for viewing photos and video clips. One-third of Facebook traffic is now via these devices used simultaneously for instant messaging, email and Twitter. The mobile phone application, or app, brings all the above to life in one self-contained mini-program. The growth in apps for communication, gaming and simple utility (finding the quickest route on public transport) is phenomenal. Apps are often seen as synonymous with the iPhone, which has been the leader in this area, but many commentators expect the Android operating system, which works on smartphones from other manufacturers, to overtake Apple. Apps have enormous potential for language learning because they allow for multisensory learning on the move: for learners to use chunks of time in a wait in line or on public transport. And because smartphones can store so much data or retrieve it via the internet, apps can serve as rich media dictionaries and reference tools. Technology used to improve: Verbal interaction Children need to be able to interact with each other so that learning through communication can occur. Computers can facilitate this type of environment. The computer can act as a tool to increase verbal exchange. An example in how useful can computers be for this interaction are computer books, these are interactive stories that appear on the computer screen as an actual book with text and illustrations. There are also a variety of interactive choices students can use to read the story, including: real voices that read aloud, music, and sound effects. The story is also highlighted so readers can follow along with the text. Verbal interaction and the use of a variety of language functions by English language learners can be facilitated by the use of the computer. The group’s computer book reading environment fostered language development by providing an opportunity for verbal interaction. The use of the computer can be a useful supplement to the traditional curriculum of the ELL classroom by promoting verbal communication and the acquisition of English. Vocabulary development One way to use computers for English Language Learners is to teach vocabulary. Students need to learn vocabulary in context and with visual clues to help them understand. Computers can provide this rich, contextual environment. The computer also allows students to become active learners in a one-on-one environment. Computers can incorporate various learning strategies as well as accommodate a variety of learning styles. Reading There are several ways in which technology can be used to improve reading ability.. Most simple reading texts are also very primary in content. Older children may consider themselves too old to be reading such primary content books. Computers, however can increase the interest level for older students while keeping the text simple and easy to read. Another benefit of using computers for reading instruction is that the computer offers immediate feedback on performance. They also can provide added practice when necessary. Computer software and games provide many fun opportunities for students to practice literacy skills. There are numerous software packages for improving spelling, phonics skills, grammar and sight word vocabulary. When English Language Learners are learning their second language, any and all language experiences are valuable to assist in reading ability. Writing As demonstrated, computers and software can help English language learners develop vocabulary skills and knowledge. Computers can also help ELL students develop their writing skills. Writing paragraphs in a language that is still somewhat unfamiliar to students can be difficult. When using a computer, however, the use of graphics can make this much more enjoyable. Using clip art can also help students to convey their thoughts more clearly. To highlight, students have a lot of choices, such as underlining, italicizing, or changing the font size, color or type. Using a computer as a medium for studying grammar is much more motivating for a student as opposed to writing with a pencil. Computer-assisted instruction has been shown in a range of studies to facilitate learning in a variety of ways. Computers can be used to aide in teaching English Language Learners in core academic subjects, such as reading and writing. Computers can aide in vocabulary development as well as verbal language development. Ultimately, however, it is important to recognize that computers are not a substitute for effective teaching. Computers are a tool–they are simply one type of supplement to the regular curriculum in teaching English Language Learners as they develop their English language skills. How to cite Major Trends in 21st Century in ESL, Papers

Corporal Punishment Essay Example For Students

Corporal Punishment Essay Corporal Punishment Essay People a few years ago,thought of the only way to punish someone who did a sinister deed was to use corporal punishment.This is meant to enforce pain to someone who has done wrong by hitting them,beating them,strapping them or even whipping them.These are only a few examples of corporal punishment. Why do we have corporal punishment,How do we benefit from it and how do we abuse it?. The most obvious reason for corporal punishment is to castigate one for doing wrong by means of physical abuse expecting the individual to learn from his or her mistake. Now there are two things his mother could do at this point to correct him. She could either use corporal punishment, taking its form in nearly abusive words or a few backhands across his face, or she could simply have a talk with him and explain why his behavior was wrong and why he should not do it again. Now which one would accomplish more? Obviously, simply talking to little Johnny would accomplish more. Not only would he know that what he did was wrong, but also he would know not to do it again. Now if she had spanked him or taken harsh words with him, she would be the lesser for it. He would be left with no reason for why his action was wrong, and he would resent his mother and possibly end up with some emotional damage since his mother gave him no reasoning behind her actions. He would see his mother as an abusive parent, which would lead him to fear his mother for years to come, dissolving any possibility of them ever developing a normal mother-son relationship. This is just one fictional example that probably takes form in some way or another in the homes of millions of families. It is more than a question of whether or not to hit a child; it is a question of whether or not it benefits the child. Harsh words and/or a physical punishment do not adequately correct a child and they also leave the child with unanswered questions as to why he was punished in that manner. Those who use this form of punishment try to justify it by saying that they had it used on them and they turned out o.k. In response to this, only one out of three persons who smoke actually die from smoking. Does this mean that cigarettes are not harmful? No, cigarettes are harmful, it is just that not everyone who smokes actually dies from it. In the same way, not everyone who has encounters with corporal punishment as a child, ends up getting hurt in some way or another. With so many advances in the field of child psychology, one must wonder why corporal punishment is still being used. It is by no means radical to suggest that this form of punishment should be removed completely. It offers no benefits to society, but rather keeps it from advancing to new heights. It is our children that will form society in the future, and it is not acceptable for them to be treated in a manner in accordance with corporal punishment. By using corporal punishment to discipline our children, we are in effect punishing society as a whole. There is no other conclusion to be reached except that corporal punishment cannot and should not be used. Bibliography: .